TMC-207 is primarily used in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). It works by inhibiting the mycobacterial ATP synthase, which is essential for the energy production of the tuberculosis bacteria. This mechanism makes it particularly effective against strains of TB that are resistant to other drugs. TMC-207 is often included in combination therapies to enhance its efficacy and reduce the risk of further resistance development. Its use has shown significant improvement in treatment outcomes for patients with MDR-TB, offering a new hope in the fight against this challenging disease.