Rilmazafone hydrochloride is primarily used in medicine as a short-acting hypnotic agent and prodrug for treating insomnia and other sleep disorders. It is rapidly metabolized in the body to its active metabolite rilmazolam, which acts on the central nervous system by binding to the benzodiazepine site on GABA_A receptors to promote sedation and improve sleep quality. It is favored for its rapid onset, short half-life, lower risk of dependency, and fewer side effects compared to traditional benzodiazepines. Additionally, it is used clinically for short-term management of anxiety-related conditions. In research and laboratory settings, it serves as a reference standard for pharmacological studies on sleep regulation and GABAergic modulation.