Used as a high-performance electron-accepting unit in organic semiconductors, particularly in the development of n-type organic electronic materials. It is incorporated into conjugated polymers and small molecules for applications in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs) due to its strong electron-withdrawing nature and ability to enhance charge transport. Its rigid, planar structure promotes π-π stacking, improving thin-film morphology and device efficiency. Also explored in fluorescent probes and sensors owing to its tunable optoelectronic properties.