Used in the production of specialty glasses, particularly infrared-transmitting materials, due to its ability to transmit light in the mid-infrared range. Commonly applied in thermal imaging systems, optical fibers for IR spectroscopy, and laser components. Also investigated for use in phase-change memory devices and chalcogenide-based semiconductors owing to its reversible structural transitions. Limited use in photovoltaic research due to its electronic properties, though toxicity and stability issues restrict widespread adoption.