Arsenic(III) sulfide is primarily used in the production of infrared-transmitting glass, which is essential for night-vision devices and thermal imaging systems. It is also employed in the manufacturing of semiconductors and optoelectronic devices due to its unique optical properties. In traditional medicine, it has been used in small doses for certain treatments, though its toxicity limits its application. Additionally, it serves as a pigment in paints and dyes, particularly in creating vibrant yellow hues. Its role in pyrotechnics is notable, where it contributes to the production of specific flame colors.