Vilanterol is primarily used as a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (LABA) in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways, making it easier to breathe. Typically, it is combined with an inhaled corticosteroid, such as fluticasone furoate, to provide both immediate and long-term relief from symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing. This combination helps reduce the frequency of asthma attacks and COPD exacerbations, improving overall lung function and quality of life for patients. It is administered via inhalation to ensure direct delivery to the lungs, minimizing systemic side effects. Regular use helps maintain open airways and prevents symptoms from worsening, making it a key component of maintenance therapy for respiratory conditions.