Used primarily in organic synthesis, 3-Hydroxypropionitrile serves as a key intermediate in the production of various chemicals, including acrylic acid (via 3-hydroxypropionic acid) and acrylonitrile. It is employed in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, particularly in the synthesis of beta-blockers, which are vital for treating cardiovascular diseases. Acrylonitrile derived from it is used in making plastics, synthetic rubber, and fibers. Its application extends to agrochemicals, where it is utilized in the development of pesticides and herbicides. The compound is also explored in research for its potential in creating bio-based polymers and sustainable materials.