Used as a biocide in water treatment systems, particularly in oilfield and industrial applications to control bacterial growth. Effective against sulfate-reducing bacteria and other microorganisms that cause corrosion and fouling. Added to drilling fluids and cooling systems to maintain microbial control and system integrity. Also employed in paper and pulp industry to prevent slime formation. Its cyclic structure provides stability in alkaline and high-temperature environments, making it suitable for harsh industrial conditions.