γ-Poly(L-glutamic acid) macromolecule is widely used in biomedical applications due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. It serves as a drug delivery carrier, particularly for controlled release of therapeutics, enhancing drug stability and targeting efficiency. In tissue engineering, it acts as a scaffold material, promoting cell adhesion and growth. It is also utilized in wound healing products, providing a moist environment that accelerates tissue repair. Additionally, it finds applications in cosmetics as a moisturizing agent and in the food industry as a thickener or stabilizer. Its ability to form hydrogels makes it valuable in various industrial and environmental applications, such as water retention in agriculture and wastewater treatment.