Bilirubin is primarily used in medical diagnostics to assess liver function and identify conditions such as jaundice, hepatitis, or bile duct obstruction. It serves as a key biomarker in blood tests to monitor the health of the liver and the efficiency of the body's waste processing systems. In research, bilirubin is studied for its antioxidant properties, which may play a role in protecting cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. Additionally, it is utilized in clinical settings to evaluate neonatal health, particularly in newborns, where elevated levels can indicate conditions like neonatal jaundice, requiring timely intervention.