CGI-1746 is primarily used in research settings to study its role as a selective inhibitor of Btk (Bruton's tyrosine kinase). It has been instrumental in understanding Btk's function in immune cell signaling, particularly in B cells, which are crucial for immune responses. This compound helps researchers explore potential therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, where Btk activity is often dysregulated. Additionally, CGI-1746 is used in cancer research to investigate its effects on B-cell malignancies, as Btk plays a significant role in the survival and proliferation of certain cancer cells. Its application extends to preclinical studies aimed at developing targeted therapies for conditions driven by aberrant Btk signaling.