Used as a zwitterionic buffer in biochemical and molecular biology applications, particularly in protein purification and electrophoresis. Its buffering capacity is effective in the physiological pH range, making it suitable for maintaining stable pH in enzyme assays and cell culture systems. Exhibits low metal ion binding, reducing interference in metalloprotein studies. Also applied in chromatography to improve solubility and stability of biomolecules. Compatible with many detection methods, including UV and fluorescence, due to minimal background interference.