Used in biochemical and analytical applications to maintain a stable pH environment, particularly in the range of 4.5 to 6.0. Commonly employed in chromatography, electrophoresis, and enzyme assays where consistent pH control is critical. Frequently utilized in DNA and protein purification procedures, including nucleic acid extraction and HPLC analysis. Also serves as a volatile buffer in mass spectrometry-compatible protocols due to its compatibility with sensitive detection methods. Its low reactivity and good solubility make it suitable for pharmaceutical formulations and quality control testing.