Used in biochemical and analytical applications to maintain a stable pH environment, particularly in the range of 4.5 to 6.0. Commonly employed in chromatography, electrophoresis, and enzyme assays where consistent pH is critical for protein stability and activity. Also utilized in sample preparation for mass spectrometry due to its volatility and compatibility with detection methods. Frequently applied in DNA and RNA extraction protocols to control acidity and support nucleic acid integrity. Suitable for use in pharmaceutical formulations and quality control testing where buffering capacity is required without introducing metal ions or strong acids.