Used as a buffering agent in pharmaceuticals and biological solutions to maintain stable pH levels. Commonly found in anticoagulant solutions for blood collection tubes, where it prevents clotting by binding calcium ions. Employed in food and beverages as an acidity regulator and flavor enhancer, providing a tart taste without adding acidity. Utilized in cleaning products for its ability to chelate metal ions, improving stain removal and preventing scale buildup. Also used in cosmetic formulations to adjust pH and enhance product stability.