STING inhibitor C-178 is primarily used in research settings to study the STING (stimulator of interferon genes) pathway, which plays a crucial role in immune responses, particularly in inflammation and antitumor immunity. By inhibiting STING, C-178 helps researchers understand how modulating this pathway can influence diseases such as autoimmune disorders, chronic inflammation, and cancer. It is particularly valuable in preclinical studies to evaluate the therapeutic potential of STING pathway modulation, offering insights into developing targeted treatments for conditions where overactive STING signaling is detrimental. Additionally, it aids in exploring the balance between immune activation and suppression, which is critical for designing effective immunotherapies.