Erastin is primarily recognized for its role in inducing ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. This property makes it a valuable tool in cancer research, particularly in studying the mechanisms of ferroptosis and its potential as a therapeutic strategy. Researchers use Erastin to selectively target and kill cancer cells, especially those resistant to traditional apoptosis-inducing treatments. It is also employed in exploring the role of iron metabolism and oxidative stress in various diseases, aiding in the development of novel treatments for conditions like neurodegenerative disorders and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Additionally, Erastin is utilized in screening for compounds that can modulate ferroptosis, contributing to drug discovery efforts.