Used extensively in advanced materials for enhancing mechanical strength and conductivity in composites, particularly in aerospace and automotive industries. Applied in energy storage devices like supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries to improve electrode performance. Utilized in sensors and electronic components due to their high electrical conductivity and sensitivity. Employed in biomedical applications for drug delivery systems and bioimaging due to their unique structural properties. Also used in environmental remediation for adsorbing pollutants and heavy metals from water.