Used in electronics for creating conductive films in touch screens, flexible displays, and transistors due to high electrical conductivity and transparency. Applied in composite materials to enhance strength and conductivity in automotive and aerospace parts. Employed in energy storage devices like batteries and supercapacitors to improve electrode performance. Utilized in sensors for detecting gases, biomolecules, and environmental pollutants with high sensitivity. Also used in coatings for anti-static and electromagnetic shielding applications. Additionally, applied in biomedical research for medical devices, such as diagnostic sensors and targeted drug delivery systems.