Dinaciclib is primarily used in cancer research and treatment due to its ability to inhibit cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which play a critical role in cell cycle regulation. By targeting CDKs, it disrupts the proliferation of cancer cells, making it a potential therapeutic agent for various malignancies. It has been studied in clinical trials for cancers such as leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumors. Additionally, its role in inducing apoptosis in cancer cells makes it a promising candidate for combination therapies with other anticancer drugs, enhancing overall treatment efficacy.