RO-3306 is primarily used in biological and biochemical research as a selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1). It is widely employed in studies focused on cell cycle regulation, particularly to investigate the G2/M phase transition. Researchers use RO-3306 to synchronize cells at the G2 phase, allowing for precise analysis of mitotic entry and exit mechanisms. This compound is also utilized in cancer research to explore the role of CDK1 in tumor cell proliferation and to evaluate potential therapeutic strategies targeting cell cycle control. Additionally, RO-3306 aids in understanding DNA damage response pathways and checkpoint activation, providing insights into cellular repair processes and apoptosis. Its application extends to drug discovery, where it serves as a tool to validate CDK1 as a target for anticancer therapies.