Used as a ceramic material in dental and medical implants due to its high strength, biocompatibility, and resistance to wear. Commonly applied in oxygen sensors and fuel cells because of its high ionic conductivity when doped. Serves as a refractory material in high-temperature applications such as furnace linings and crucibles. Employed as a white pigment in paints, coatings, and cosmetics for its opacity and brightness. Utilized in abrasives and cutting tools owing to its hardness and toughness. Also found in some advanced electronics and as a coating material to enhance corrosion resistance.