Used as a high-performance ceramic in dental crowns and implants due to its strength and biocompatibility. Commonly applied in oxygen sensors and fuel cells for its ability to conduct oxygen ions at high temperatures. Employed as a refractory material in furnace linings and crucibles because of its high melting point and resistance to corrosion. Utilized in abrasives and grinding media for hard materials due to its toughness and wear resistance. Found in thermal barrier coatings for turbine blades to protect against extreme heat. Used in some types of catalysts and catalyst supports in chemical processing. Applied in specialty optics and lenses where durability and transparency are required.