Used as a catalyst in organic synthesis and industrial chemical reactions, particularly in processes requiring selective oxidation. Employed in the production of cerium-based materials for glass polishing powders due to its abrasive and chemical reactivity properties. Applied in environmental catalysis, such as in automotive catalytic converters, to help reduce harmful emissions by promoting the conversion of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. Also utilized in the preparation of electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells and in research for developing luminescent materials and sensors. Its hydrate form enhances solubility and handling in aqueous-based systems.