Widely used in the prevention and treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency, which can lead to anemia and neurological disorders. Commonly prescribed for pernicious anemia, a condition where the body cannot properly absorb B12 due to lack of intrinsic factor. Used as a dietary supplement to support energy metabolism, brain function, and nerve health. Frequently included in multivitamins and energy-boosting formulations. Employed in the management of certain neurological conditions due to its role in maintaining myelin sheaths around nerves. Also used in veterinary medicine, especially in livestock feed, to promote growth and prevent deficiency in animals. In some cases, administered via injection for patients with malabsorption issues. Plays a role in homocysteine regulation, thus potentially supporting cardiovascular health.