Evacetrapib is primarily investigated for its potential in cardiovascular disease management, particularly in reducing the risk of atherosclerosis. It functions as a cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor, which helps increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels while decreasing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. This dual action makes it a promising candidate for improving lipid profiles in patients with dyslipidemia. Clinical trials have explored its efficacy in preventing major adverse cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and strokes, especially in high-risk populations. However, its development has faced challenges, including mixed results in late-stage trials, leading to discontinuation of further studies. Despite this, research on its mechanism continues to contribute to the understanding of CETP inhibitors in cardiovascular therapy.