Used in thermoelectric devices due to its ability to convert heat into electricity efficiently. Commonly applied in solid-state cooling systems and power generation for specialized electronics, sensors, and remote applications such as satellites. Also investigated for use in phase-change memory materials, infrared detectors, spintronics, and topological materials because of its unique electronic properties. Its high melting point and stability make it suitable for high-temperature applications in semiconductor and optoelectronic fields.