4-Nitrochalcone is primarily used in research and development within the field of organic chemistry. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various complex molecules, particularly in the study of chalcone derivatives. These derivatives are often explored for their potential biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. Additionally, 4-Nitrochalcone is utilized in photochemical studies due to its ability to undergo photoisomerization, making it valuable in understanding light-induced molecular transformations. Its nitro group also makes it a useful compound in the development of new materials and sensors, where nitroaromatic compounds are often employed for their electron-withdrawing characteristics.