(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)-1,2-ethanediol is primarily used in the synthesis of chiral compounds, particularly in pharmaceutical research. It serves as a key intermediate in the production of enantiomerically pure drugs, where the specific stereochemistry is crucial for biological activity. This compound is often employed in the development of beta-blockers and other cardiovascular medications, as its chiral structure allows for the creation of more effective and targeted therapeutic agents. Additionally, it is utilized in organic synthesis for constructing complex molecules with high stereochemical control, making it valuable in the field of medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.