Widely used in pharmaceuticals as a topical analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent, providing relief in muscle and joint pain through creams, ointments, and liniments. Acts as a counterirritant, creating a cooling sensation followed by warmth, which helps soothe discomfort. Employed in vapor rubs and inhalants to relieve nasal and bronchial congestion due to its expectorant properties. Utilized in dermatological preparations for treating skin conditions like itching, minor irritation, and insect bites. Also serves as a plasticizer and mold release agent in industrial applications involving cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetate. Found in some embalming fluids and preservatives due to its antimicrobial characteristics. Used in the synthesis of other organic compounds, including certain pharmaceuticals and fragrances, owing to its rigid bicyclic structure.