Used to reverse the anticoagulant effect of heparin during medical procedures such as surgery, dialysis, and extracorporeal circulation. It binds strongly to heparin, forming a stable complex that neutralizes heparin’s activity, helping restore normal blood clotting.

Also used in some insulin formulations (e.g., NPH insulin) to prolong the duration of action by slowing absorption. Investigated for use in gene delivery and as a stabilizer due to its ability to bind and protect nucleic acids and proteins.

Caution is advised as it may cause serious side effects including hypotension, bradycardia, or allergic reactions, especially if administered rapidly or in high doses.