Used as a binder and thickening agent in coatings, inks, and adhesives. Enhances mechanical strength and thermal stability in composite materials. Applied in electronics for passivation and insulation layers due to its dielectric properties. Employed in catalysis as a support material for metal catalysts. Utilized in the formulation of silica gels and aerogels for insulation and absorbent products. Improves scratch and abrasion resistance in clear coatings and varnishes. Widely used in the production of optical fibers and semiconductor devices. Also serves in controlled release systems and stabilization of emulsions in industrial and pharmaceutical applications.