Arglabin is primarily used in cancer research and treatment due to its potent antitumor properties. It functions as a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, disrupting the post-translational modification of certain proteins involved in cell signaling pathways that drive tumor growth. This makes it particularly effective against various types of cancers, including breast, lung, and leukemia. Arglabin has shown immunomodulatory effects, enhancing the body’s immune response against cancer cells. It is also being studied for its ability to overcome multidrug resistance in tumor cells, which is a major challenge in chemotherapy. Due to these properties, Arglabin is used in experimental and clinical oncology settings, especially in regions where it has been approved as an anticancer agent. Its natural origin and relatively low toxicity profile compared to conventional chemotherapeutics make it a promising candidate for integration into combination therapies.