Sodium oxamate is primarily used in biochemical research as a competitive inhibitor of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an enzyme crucial for anaerobic glycolysis. By inhibiting LDH, it helps researchers study the metabolic pathways of cancer cells, which often rely on glycolysis for energy production. This makes it a valuable tool in understanding tumor metabolism and exploring potential cancer therapies. Additionally, it is used in studies related to muscle fatigue and metabolic disorders, providing insights into energy metabolism and cellular respiration processes.