Atpenin A5 is primarily used in biochemical research as a potent and selective inhibitor of mitochondrial complex II (succinate dehydrogenase). It is particularly valuable in studies aimed at understanding the role of complex II in cellular respiration and energy production. Researchers utilize Atpenin A5 to investigate metabolic pathways, oxidative stress, and the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction in various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Its specificity makes it a crucial tool for dissecting the complex mechanisms of mitochondrial function and its implications in cellular health and disease.