Piericidin A is primarily used in biochemical research as a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase). It is widely employed to study the electron transport chain and cellular respiration processes. By blocking complex I, it helps researchers understand the role of mitochondrial function in energy production, oxidative stress, and cell death. Additionally, Piericidin A is utilized in studies related to neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and aging, as mitochondrial dysfunction is a key factor in these conditions. Its ability to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production makes it a valuable tool for investigating oxidative damage mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.