Guanidine thiocyanate is widely used in molecular biology for the isolation of nucleic acids, particularly RNA, due to its ability to denature proteins and inhibit RNases. It is a key component in many RNA extraction protocols, ensuring the integrity of RNA samples by preventing degradation. Additionally, it is employed in the preparation of DNA and RNA for various downstream applications, such as PCR, sequencing, and hybridization. Its chaotropic properties make it effective in disrupting cell membranes and releasing nucleic acids, making it indispensable in genetic research and diagnostics.