PAMAM dendrimers with an ethylenediamine core are widely used in drug delivery systems due to their unique branched structure, which allows for efficient encapsulation and controlled release of therapeutic agents. They are particularly effective in targeting cancer cells, as their surface can be modified with specific ligands to enhance selectivity and reduce off-target effects.

In gene therapy, these dendrimers serve as non-viral vectors for delivering nucleic acids, such as DNA or RNA, into cells. Their positively charged surface interacts with the negatively charged genetic material, forming stable complexes that facilitate cellular uptake.

Additionally, PAMAM dendrimers are employed in diagnostic imaging as contrast agents. Their ability to carry multiple imaging molecules improves the sensitivity and resolution of techniques like MRI and fluorescence imaging.

In material science, they are used to create nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties. Their uniform structure and functional groups make them ideal for surface modification and coating applications.

Lastly, they play a role in environmental remediation by adsorbing pollutants and heavy metals from water, thanks to their high surface area and functional groups that bind contaminants effectively.