Used in the synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) due to its ability to form stable, porous structures. These MOFs are applied in gas storage, separation, and catalysis. It also serves as a precursor for high-performance polymers, enhancing thermal stability and mechanical properties. In the field of dye-sensitized solar cells, it acts as a co-adsorbent to improve efficiency. Additionally, it is utilized in the development of fluorescent sensors for detecting metal ions and small molecules. Its derivatives are explored for biomedical applications, including drug delivery systems.