NVP-DPP728 dihydrochloride is primarily used in research settings to study the inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) enzyme activity. This enzyme plays a significant role in glucose metabolism, and its inhibition is a key therapeutic strategy for managing type 2 diabetes. Researchers utilize this compound to explore its effects on incretin hormones, which are crucial for regulating insulin secretion and blood sugar levels. Additionally, it serves as a tool in pharmacological studies to understand the mechanisms of DPP-4 inhibitors and their potential in developing new antidiabetic drugs. Its application extends to preclinical investigations aimed at evaluating efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic properties of DPP-4-targeting therapies.