Vildagliptin dihydrate is the hydrated form of vildagliptin, serving as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in medications for type 2 diabetes mellitus. As a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, it enhances blood sugar regulation by increasing incretin hormones (such as GLP-1 and GIP), which promotes insulin release and suppresses glucagon production. This specialty chemical is used in the synthesis and formulation of oral antidiabetic drugs, often combined with agents like metformin or sulfonylureas. It offers benefits like improved glycemic control with low risk of weight gain or hypoglycemia. Vildagliptin dihydrate is typically supplied as a powder for pharmaceutical manufacturing or research purposes, with high purity (e.g., 98%) suitable for intermediate applications in drug development.