Anagliptin is used as an antidiabetic agent in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It functions by inhibiting the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme, which increases the levels of active incretin hormones such as GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide). This leads to enhanced insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells in a glucose-dependent manner, while simultaneously reducing glucagon secretion from alpha cells, resulting in lower fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels. It is typically prescribed as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents such as metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin. Due to its glucose-dependent mechanism, anagliptin has a low risk of causing hypoglycemia. It is also considered to have a favorable safety profile with minimal effects on body weight. Its use is particularly beneficial in patients requiring oral therapy with a low risk of hypoglycemia and good tolerability.