Used as an intermediate in the synthesis of nonlinear optical materials due to its strong electron-donating properties. Employed in the production of photochromic and electrochromic compounds for smart windows and optical switches. Acts as a building block in organic semiconductors for OLEDs and molecular electronics. Also applied in hair dye formulations as a coupling agent to enhance color development and stability. Shows potential in dye-sensitized solar cells as a component for improving charge transfer efficiency.