Givinostat is primarily used in the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration. It functions as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, which helps to modulate gene expression and reduce inflammation, thereby slowing the progression of muscle damage. Additionally, Givinostat has shown potential in addressing other conditions such as polycythemia vera, a type of blood cancer, by targeting abnormal cell proliferation. Its ability to regulate epigenetic mechanisms makes it a promising candidate for further research in various inflammatory and degenerative diseases.