Pevonedistat is primarily investigated for its potential in cancer treatment, particularly in targeting various types of malignancies. It works by inhibiting the NEDD8-activating enzyme, which disrupts the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway essential for cancer cell survival. This mechanism makes it a promising candidate for combination therapies, enhancing the efficacy of other anticancer agents. Clinical trials are exploring its use in treating solid tumors, hematologic cancers, and other resistant forms of cancer. Additionally, its role in inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells is being studied to improve therapeutic outcomes in patients with limited treatment options.