Tipifarnib S enantiomer is primarily investigated for its potential in targeting specific pathways in cancer therapy. It acts as a selective inhibitor of farnesyltransferase, an enzyme involved in the post-translational modification of proteins essential for cell signaling and growth. This property makes it a candidate for treating cancers driven by mutations in genes like HRAS, which rely on farnesylation for activation. Research has focused on its use in hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, particularly where conventional therapies have limited efficacy. Additionally, its enantiomeric purity ensures enhanced specificity and reduced off-target effects, improving its therapeutic profile. Ongoing clinical trials aim to evaluate its safety, efficacy, and potential as a targeted treatment option.