Atamestane is primarily used in the field of endocrinology and oncology, particularly in the treatment of hormone-dependent conditions. It functions as a selective aromatase inhibitor, which means it helps reduce the production of estrogen in the body. This property makes it valuable in managing estrogen-sensitive cancers, such as breast cancer, by lowering estrogen levels and potentially slowing tumor growth. Additionally, it has been explored for its potential use in veterinary medicine, specifically in treating certain hormonal disorders in animals. Research continues to investigate its broader therapeutic applications and efficacy in various clinical settings.