Used in oncology as an anticancer agent, particularly in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It functions by inhibiting topoisomerase II, leading to DNA damage and apoptosis in cancer cells. Vosaroxin has shown activity in relapsed or refractory AML and has been investigated in combination with cytarabine to improve response rates. Its mechanism allows it to remain effective in cells with certain resistance mechanisms, making it a valuable option in difficult-to-treat cases. Clinical trials have explored its role in older patients who are not candidates for intensive chemotherapy, showing potential for improved survival outcomes.