UPGL00004 is primarily used in research settings as a potent and selective inhibitor of the enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). This enzyme is involved in the metabolism of bioactive lipid mediators, particularly epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which play roles in inflammation, pain, and cardiovascular regulation. By inhibiting sEH, UPGL00004 helps increase the levels of EETs, leading to anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and potential cardioprotective effects.

It has shown promise in preclinical models for treating conditions such as neuropathic pain, inflammatory diseases, and hypertension. Due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, UPGL00004 is also investigated for central nervous system disorders where neuroinflammation is a contributing factor. Its use remains confined to experimental studies, aiding in the understanding of sEH-related pathways and validating sEH as a therapeutic target.