Used as an intermediate in organic synthesis, particularly in pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. Enhances skin penetration in topical formulations, making it valuable in cosmetics and dermatological products. Functions as a chiral building block in asymmetric synthesis due to its optical activity. Employed in buffer systems for biochemical applications where a biocompatible, water-soluble dicarboxylate is required. Also utilized in food and beverage industries as an acidulant and flavor enhancer, contributing a mild tartness.